Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms are most similar to which substance?

Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms are most similar to alcohol withdrawal symptoms due to the similar pharmacological effects of both substances on the central nervous system. Both benzodiazepines and alcohol act as central nervous system depressants, leading to a variety of overlapping physical and psychological effects.

When individuals who have developed a dependence on benzodiazepines suddenly reduce or stop their intake, they may experience withdrawal symptoms that can include anxiety, agitation, tremors, seizures, and in severe cases, delirium. These symptoms mirror those seen in individuals who are withdrawing from alcohol, which can also produce significant anxiety, tremors, and seizures in the absence of the substance.

In contrast, substances like caffeine, nicotine, and cocaine have different withdrawal profiles that do not closely resemble the symptoms associated with benzodiazepine or alcohol withdrawal. Caffeine withdrawal may lead to headaches and fatigue, nicotine withdrawal commonly results in irritability and cravings, while cocaine withdrawal often presents with depression and fatigue, each lacking the severe physiological symptoms found in both benzodiazepine and alcohol withdrawal.